Menumbuhkan Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi melalui Open Ended Problem
Abstract
Abstract: This study aimed to describe both process and result of the development of teaching materials used to enhance higher order thinking skills based on open ended problem and its products should be valid, effective and practice. This study adopted a 4D developmental model modified be 3D which comprises three stages: define, design, and develop. The results showed: (1) The teaching materials that have been develop declared valid with the mean score 3,30, lesson plan declared valid with the mean score 3,125, achievement test declared valid with the mean score 3,45, (2) effectiveness characterized by whole class achievement test mean score obtained 78,83, and whole class questionnaire mean score obtained 2,35, (3) practicality of teaching materials characterized by observation sheet mean score for whole observer obtained 3,6, and (4) using open ended problem significantly enhances students higher order thinking skills, as well as students justify effectiveness of several procedure that is followed by appropriate arguments, integrate different characteristic within it’s unity, also think creatively construct the problem themselves.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses dan hasil pengembangan perangkat ajar untuk menumbuhkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi beracuan open ended problem yang valid, efektif, dan praktis. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian pengembangan menggunakan modifikasi model 4-D (four-D model) menjadi 3-D yang meliputi tahap penetapan (define), perancangan (design), dan pengembangan (develop). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) peragkat ajar yang dikembangkan valid dengan skor rerata 3,30 untuk bahan ajar; 3,125 untuk RPP; dan 3,45 untuk lembar tes hasil belajar, (2) perangkat ajar efektif ditandai dengan rerata skor tes hasil belajar seluruh siswa adalah 78,83, dan rerata skor respons keseluruhan siswa adalah 2,35 (3) bahan ajar praktis ditandai dengan rerata skor hasil observasi keterlaksanaan bahan ajar dari seluruh observer adalah 3,6, dan (4) penggunaan open ended problem memberi dampak yang signifikan dalam menumbuhkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa. Siswa antara lain telah dapat menjustifikasi tingkat efektifitas dari beberapa alternatif prosedur yang ada disertai dengan argumentasi yang sesuai, siswa dapat mengaitkan unsur-unsur yang berlainan dalam sajian masalah dengan satu kesatuan strukturnya yang utuh dan mengorganisasikannya dalam menentukan penyelesaian, serta siswa berpikir kreatif ditandai dengan kemampuan mengonstruksi masalah sekaligus penyelesaiannya sendiri.Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v4i8.12658
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