Email this article 
STUDI KOMPARATIF TIGA STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MAHASISWA BIOLOGI
Abstract
Blended-Challenge Based Learning, Problem Based Learning, and Discussion-Presentation is a constructivist learning that can improve critical thinking. These three teaching strategies are implemented in the course of General Biology teaching, were evaluated and compared. This study aimed to compare the three learning strategies on improving critical thinking. Critical thinking test, as a measurement tool in this study refers to the WGCTA indicator. The results showed that all three strategies teaching significant improvement in the critical thinking, but there is no differ siginificance between the three teaching strategies, these results indicate that all three of these teaching strategies in similar improvements on student’s critical thinking.
Blended-Challenge Based Learning, Problem Based Learning, dan Diskusi-Presentasi merupakan pembelajaran konstruktivistik yang dapat meningkatkan berpikir kritis. Ketiga strategi tersebut dilaksanakan dalam pembelajaran matakuliah Biologi Umum, kemudian dievaluasi dan dibandingkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan ketiga strategi pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan berpikir kritis. Tes berpikir kritis yang digunakan sebagai alat pengukuran pada penelitian ini mengacu pada indikator WGCTA. Hasil menunjukkan ketiga strategi pembelajaran tersebut dapat meningkatkan berpikir kritis secara signifikan, namun tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara ketiga strategi pembelajaran tersebut, hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa ketiga pembelajaran tersebut memiliki keefektifan yang sama dalam meningkatkan berpikir kritis mahasiswa.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdi, A. 2012. A Study on The Relation of Thinking Styles of Students and Their Critical Thinking Skills. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47 (2012):1719—1723.
Akgun, A. & Duruk, U. 2016. The Investigation of Preservice Science Teachers’ Critical Thinking Dispositions in the Context of Personal and Social Factors. Science Education International, 27 (1):3—15.
Akkaya, N. 2012.The Relationship Between Teacher Candidate’s Critical Thinking Skills and Their Use of Reading Strategies. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47 (2012):797—801.
Albanese, M.A. & Mitchell, S. 1993. Problem-Based Learning: A Review of Literature on Its Outcomes and Implementation Issues. Academic Medicine, 68 (1):52—81.
Allammakhrah, A. 2012. Learning Critical Thinking in Saudi Arabia: Student Perceptions of Secondary Pre-Service Teacher Education Programs. Journal of Education and Learning, 2 (1):197—210.
Aloqaili, A.S. 2011. The Relationship between Reading Comprehension and Critical Thinking: A Theoretical Study. Journal of King Saud University–Languages and Translation, 24:35—41.
American Association of School Librarians. 2007. Standards for the 21st Century Learner. Chicago, IL: American Library Association.
Anderson, J.C. 2007. Effect of Problem Based Learning on Knowledge Acquisition, Knowledge Retention and Critical Thinking Ability of Agricultural Students in Urban Schools. Disertasi tidak diterbitkan. University of Missouri.
Anderson-Meger, J. Critical Thinking and E-Learning in Social Work Education. International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 1(2):18—27.
Peter, E.E. 2012. Critical Thinking: Essence for Teaching Mathematics and Mathematics Problem Solving Skills. African Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science Research, 5 (3):39—43.
Apple Education. 2008. Challenge Based Learning: Take Action and Make a Difference. (Online) (http://ali.apple.com/cbl/global/files/CBL_Paper.pdf., diakses 17 Juli 2016).
Apple Education. 2011. Challenge Based Learning: A Classroom Guide. (Online). (http://ali.apple.com/cbl/global/files/CBL_Paper.pdf, diakses 17 Juli 2016).
Arends, R.I. 2012. Learning to Teach 9th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Bahr, N. 2010. Thinking Critically about Critical Thinking in Higher Education. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 4 (2):1—16.
Bakir, S. 2015. Critical Thinking Disposition of Pre-Service Teacher. Educational Research and Reviewe, 10 (2):225—233.
Baloian, N., Breurer, H., Hoeksema, K., Hoppe, U., Mildrad, M. Implementing The Challenge Based Learning in Classroom Scenarios. (Online), (http://www.uxberlin.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/04_ Implementing_CBL_in_Classroom.pdf, diakses 30 Agustus 2016).
Bath, D & Baurke, J. 2015. Getting Started with Blended Learning. Australia: Griffith University.
Chen, D. 2015. Developing Critical Thinking through Problem-Based Learning: An Action Research for a Class of Media Literacy. Disertasi tidak diterbitkan. North East England: Durham University.
Choi, H. 2004. The effect of PBL on the Meta-cognition, Critical Thinking, and Problem Solving Process of Nursing Students. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi, 34 (5):712—721.
Cohen, J. 1992. A Power Primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112 (1):155—159.
Coleman, J., Mason, P., dan Steagall, J. W. 2012. Does A Business Curriculum Develop or Filter Critical Thinking?. American Journal Of Business Education, 5 (4):409—416.
Crebert, G., Patrick, C.-J., Cragnolini, V., Smith, C., Worsfold, K. & Webb, F. 2011. Critical Evaluation Skills Toolkit. (Online) (https://www.griffith.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/290659/Critical-evaluation-skills.pdf, diakses 20 Februari 2017).
EDUCAUSE. 2012. Challenge-Based Learning. (Online), (https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7080.pdf, diakses 17 Juli 2016).
Eldy, E.F. & Sulaiman, F. 2013. The Capability of Integrated Problem-Based Learning in Improving Students’ Level of Creative-Critical Thinking. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 3(4):347—350.
Gojkov, G., Stojanovic, A. & Rajic, A. G. 2015. Critical Thinking of Students-Indicator of Quality in Higher Education. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191 (2015):591—596.
Gunn, T., M., Grigg, L., M. & Pomahac, G. 2008. Critical Thinking in Science Education: Can Bioethical Issues and Questioning Strategies Increase Scientific Understandings?. Journal of Educational Thought, 42 (2):165—183.
Haase, F. 2010. Categories of Critical Thinking in Information Management. A Study of Critical Thinking in Decision Making Proceses. Nómadas. Revista Crítica de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas, 27 (3):1—19.
Hmilo-Silver, C.E. 2004. Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn?. Educational Psychology Review, 16 (3):235—266.
Horton, F.W. 2007. Understanding Information Literacy: A Primer. Paris: UNESCO.
Husamah. 2015. Thinking Skills for Environmental Sustainability Perspective of New Students of Biology Education Department through Blended Project Based Learning. Indonesian Journal of Science Education, 4 (2):110—119.
Jager, T. 2012. Can First Year Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Develop in a Space of Three Months?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47(2012):1374—1381.
Johnson, L. & Adams, S. 2011. Challenge Based Learning: The Report from the Implementation Project. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
Johnson, L. F., Smith, R. S., Smythe, J.T. & Varon, R. K. 2009. Challenge-Based Learning: An Approach for Our Time. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
Kinikin, J. & Hench, K. 2012. Poster Presentations as an Assessment Tool in a Third/College Level Information Literacy Course: an Effective Method of Measuring Student Understanding of Library Research Skills. Journal of Information Literacy, 6 (2):86—96.
Kose, U. 2010. A blended learning model supported with Web 2.0 technologies. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2):2794—2802.
Lai, E. R. 2011. Critical Thinking: A Literatur Review. New Jearsey: Pearson.
Magsino, R.M. 2014. Enhancing Higher Order Thinking Skills in a Marine Biology Class through Problem-Based Learning. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2 (5):1—10.
Marsh, D. 2012. Blended Learning: Creating Learning Opportunities for Language Learners. New York: Cambridge Universtiry Press.
Masek, A. & Yamin, S. 2011. The Effect of Problem Based Learning on Critical Thinking Ability: A Theoretical and Empirical Review. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2 (1):215—221.
Nazarenko, A. L. 2015. Blended Learning vs Traditional Learning: What Works? (A Case Study Research). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 200 (2015):77–82.
O’Hare, L. dan Macguinness, C. 2009. Measuring Critical Thinking, Intelligence, and Academic Performance in Psychology Undergraduates. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 30 (3-4):123—131.
Osman, K., Hamid, S. H. A., dan Hasan, A. 2009. Standard Setting: Inserting Domain of The 21st Century Thinking Skills Into The Existing Science Curriculum In Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 1(2009): 2573—2577.
Osman, K., Soh, T. M. T. & Arsad, N. M. 2010. Development and Validation of The Malaysian 21st Century Skills Instrument (M-21CSI) for Science Students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9 (2010):599—603.
Pacific Policy Research Center. 2010. 21st Century Skills for Students and Teachers. Honolulu: Kamehameha Schools, Research & Evaluation Division.
Perkins, C., dan Murphy, E. 2006. Identifying and Measuring Individual Engagement in Critical Thinking in Online Discussions: An Exploratory Case Study. Educational Technology & Society, 9 (1):298—307.
Polanco, R. Calderon, P. and Delgado, F. 2004. Effect of Problem Based Learning Program on Engineering Student’s Academic Achievements, Skills Development and Attitudes in a Mexican University. Inno. in Edu. and Teach. International, 41(2): 145-155.
Poon, J. 2013. Blended Learning : An Institutional Approach for Enhancing Students ’ Learning Experiences. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 9 (2):271—289.
Ranaweera, P. 2008. Importance of Information Literacy skills for an Information Literate Society. (Online) (https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11884153.pdf, diakses 19 September 2016).
Rusdi, S. H. & Umar, I. N. 2015. Students’ Levels Of Critical Thinking, Supportive Behaviors And Types Of Questions In An Online Forum Learning Environment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197(2015):1752—1758.
Ryan, G. L., and C. N. Quinn. 1995. Cognitive Apprenticeship and Problem Based Learning. p.57—72. Dalam S.E. Chen, R.M. Cowdroy, A.J. Kingsland and M.J. Ostwald (eds) Reflections On Problem-Based Learning. The Australian Problem- Based Learning Network, Sydney.
Sahamid, H. 2014. Fostering Critical Thinking in the Classroom. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 5 (6):165—172.
Savery, J. R. 2006. Overview of Problem Based Learning: Definitions and Distinction. The Indiciplinary Journal of Problem Based Learning, 1(1):9—120.
Simpson, E. & Courtney, M. 2002. Critical Thinking in Nursing Education: A Literature Review. Int J Nurs Pract, 8 (2):89—98.
Suciati, R. 2015. Perbedaan Kemampuan Berpikir Kiritis Mahasiswa antara Model Problem Based Learning dengan Model Ekspositori pada Matakuliah Evolusi. Makalah disajikan dalam Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi 2015, Malang, 21 Maret.
Sulaiman, F. 2011. The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning Online on Students’ Creative and Critical Thinking in Physics at Tertiary Level in Malaysia. Disertasi tidak diterbitkan. University of Waikato.
Surya, E., Khairil & Razali. 2014. Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Konsep Sistem Pernapasana Manusia di SMA Negeri 11 Banda Aceh. Jurnal EduBio Tropika, 2 (1):121—186.
Tayyeb, R. 2013. Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning as an Instructional Tool for Acquisition of Content Knowledge and Promotion of Critical Thinking Among Medical Students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 23 (1):42—46.
Tiwari, A., P. Lai, M. So, and K. Yeun. 2006. A Comparison of the Effects of Problem-Based Learning and Lecturing on the Development of Students’ Critical Thinking. Medical Education, 40(6): 547-554.
Wallace, E. D. dan Jefferson, R. N. 2013. Developing Critical Thinking Skills for Information Seeking Success. New Review of Academic Librarianship, 19: 246–255.
Watson, G. dan Glaser, E. M. 2009. Watson-Glaser II Critical Thinking Appraisal Profil Report. UK: Pearson Education Ltd.
Wibowo, Y., Widowati, A. & Wijaya, A. 2012. Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kerjasama Mahasiswa melalui Pendekatan Inquiry pada Matakuliah Pendidikan Sains. Makalah disajikan dalam Seminar Nasional Pendidikan IPA, Yogyakarta, 6 Oktober.
Yoosomboon, S. & Wannapiroon, P. 2015. Development of a challenge based learning model via cloud technology and social media for enhancing information management skills. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174 (2015):2102—2107
Yuan, H., Kunaviktikul, W., Klunklin, A., dan Williams, B. A. 2008. Promoting Critical Thinking Skills Through Problem-Based Learning. CMU. Journal of Soc. Sci. and Human, 2 (2):85—99.
Zabit, M. N. M. 2010. Problem-Based Learning On Students’ Critical Thinking Skills In Teaching Business Education In Malaysia: A Literature Review. American Journal of Business Education, 3 (6):19—32.
Zascavage, V. 2010. Critical Thinking Skills and the Intervention Specialist. Journal of Border Educational Research, 8: 71—80.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v2i5.9115
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Muhammad Saefi, Hadi Suwono, Herawati Susilo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, & Pengembangan Journal of Education: Theory, Research, and Development Graduate School Of Universitas Negeri Malang
|
